Summary
This section provides an overview of the methodology that will be applied to the GHG assessment. It defines why the specific data is relevant, how it will be measured, and what categories or frameworks are used.
Why consider emissions from freight?
Freight can represent a substantial share of Scope 3 emissions, especially with logistics clients; because moving goods across long distances and carbon‑intensive modes (especially by plane and long‑haul truck) adds up quickly.
Without including freight, product footprints and corporate targets risk being understated, decisions may favor faster but dirtier lanes, and compliance with emerging disclosure expectations could be compromised.
It also unlocks concrete reduction levers like mode shift (air freight→road freight), improved load factors, packaging optimization, and low‑carbon fuels.
Type of raw data
Guide for GLEC compliance & analysis: on this link
Purpose: Describe the specific data required for the GHG study, including types, and format.
Granularity:
The granularity doesn’t add precision to the calculation, it’s only if the client needs / wants it.
Measurement:
Weight: kg, metric tons or short tons, lbs
Distance: km, miles
Fuel: L/100km or L (on the whole journey)
See data collection guide for more detail
Processing between methodologies
Explains how data processing is consistent (or not) across different GHG standards (e.g., GHG Protocol, and BEGES). Emphasize that processing techniques and outcomes should align regardless of the standard being used.
You should either keep Option 1 or Option 2 (if 2, then provide more details)
Data processing differs depending on the methodology:
GHG Protocol and BEGES have exactly the same emission calculation, but the Emission Factor source differ: ADEME for BEGES, EPA or UK database for GHG.
If you use the ISO 14083 standard (GLEC framework) it’s different EFs, and different calculations (in particular, last mile delivery calculations are done differently). If your client lacks Last-Mile data to apply the ISO 14083 standard we can use this statistical analysis in order to extrapolate on their data and ‘fill’ the lack of granular data for the last mile delivery.
This statistical analysis found a conversion factor accounting for the last mile data calculation. You can calculate the basic last mile emissions of your client (weightdistanceEF for the last leg) then apply the conversion factor (choosing the right one depending on the distance) and you will have an approximation of the last mile delivery calculation for your client.
For example:
Leg 3 (last): 13km, 2 tons
Basic calculation (GHG/BEGES): 132EF=26EF_GLEC_WTW
Final result (Glec) = Conv_factor_10-20km26*EF_GLEC_WTW
COME HERE IF YOU LACK DATA TO APPLY THE ISO 14083 / GLEC FRAMEWORK TO THE LAST MILE DATA OF A CLIENT: A STATISTICAL ANALYSIS HAS ALREADY BEEN DONE
Types of emission factors
For air freight, we have 3 types of EF:
Short haul (< 1000km)
Medium haul (1000-3500km)
Long haul (> 3500km)
For the GLEC framework we decompose the Emission factor in 2:
Well To Tank (WTT)
Tank To Wheel (TTW)
Well To Wheel (WTW): WTT+TTW = EF used